Updated at 23 Jun 2026
Electromagnetic fields from mobile communications in the context of the current 5G network rollout—Technical aspects and biological effects in the upper frequency range (FR2, above approximately 24 GHz).
In Germany, the rollout of fifth-generation (5G) mobile communications began in 2019. This represents the logical evolution of the previous digital cellular mobile communication systems—2G, 3G, and 4G—all of which operate by transmitting high-frequency electromagnetic fields. The 5G mobile communication standard offers new possibilities that go beyond voice communication and broadband data transmission and is therefore regarded as a core technology for the digitalization of industry, automated and connected transportation systems, the Internet of Things, and many other technical developments.
Against this backdrop, the Radiation Protection Commission conducted a comprehensive assessment of the effects of 5G mobile communication electromagnetic fields on humans, particularly in comparison to mobile networks that have been in operation for some time. In doing so, a need for further research was identified. Particular attention was paid to evaluating the current state of research regarding adverse health effects from high-frequency mobile communication fields, as well as to ways of minimizing public exposure and regulating mobile communication networks with regard to public exposure.
