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5G is the fifth-generation mobile network, offering higher data transfer rates, lower latency, and increased capacity compared to 4G. Utilizing new frequency ranges including millimeter waves, it supports real-time applications and the Internet of Things, with adaptive antennas improving signal focus and reducing exposure.

Antenna Map: Visual Data, Analyses, and Latest News The premier resource for mobile network coverage in Switzerland: An interactive map of 3G, 4G, and 5G antenna locations, frequencies, charts, analyses, and telecom news.

The Swiss Accreditation Service examines and accredites conformity assessment bodies (CAB) - i.e. calibration and testing laboratories, inspection and certfication bodies as well as reference material producers and proficiency testing providers - according to international standards.

The 2025 report from SSM's Scientific Council reviews EMF research from 2024, assessing health risks across static, low, intermediate, and radio frequencies. No causal links have been established between EMF exposure and health issues. Continued research is urged, especially on long-term effects and emerging frequency domains like 5G.

The Netherlands' Health Council examines potential health effects of 5G electromagnetic fields. Due to unknown exposure levels and health impacts, no definitive conclusions on risks can be made, but investigations continue to assess possible adverse effects of 5G frequencies.

This IARC Monographs volume assesses the carcinogenic risks of static and extremely low-frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields. ELF magnetic fields, from power lines and appliances, are possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). Static fields are not classifiable for carcinogenicity (Group 3).

This IARC volume assesses carcinogenic risks of static and extremely low-frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields, often from power lines and appliances. ELF magnetic fields are possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). Static fields are not classifiable (Group 3).

The IARC Monograph Volume 102 evaluates the carcinogenic potential of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (30 kHz to 300 GHz), emitted by wireless devices like mobile phones. It reviews epidemiological and experimental evidence to determine health risks, especially regarding cancer, without quantifying specific risk levels.

The International EMF Project, established by the WHO in 1996, evaluates the health and environmental effects of static and variable electric and magnetic fields in the frequency range of 0 to 300 GHz. Its objectives are risk assessment, the promotion of research, and the development of international safety standards.

The International EMF Project, established by WHO in 1996, assesses health and environmental effects of static and varying electric and magnetic fields from 0 to 300 GHz. It aims to evaluate risks, fill knowledge gaps, and develop internationally accepted safety standards for EMF exposure.

This IARC Monographs volume assesses the carcinogenic risks of static and extremely low-frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields. ELF magnetic fields, from power lines and appliances, are possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). Static fields are not classifiable for carcinogenicity (Group 3).

A brief overview of various technical aspects of power supply.

Stray currents in livestock facilities can cause various health and operational issues. Accurate identification is challenging due to symptom overlap with other causes. Professional measurements and assessments help detect and prevent stray current problems in barns and new constructions.

Natural magnetic fields, such as Earth's magnetic field caused by geologic charge flows, and technologically generated fields via electric currents are discussed. Conductors shaped into loops or coils produce strong magnetic fields, with high-frequency fields classified under RF radiation.

Natural electric fields, like the Earth's atmospheric field ('Fair Weather Field') of 100-300 V/m, are influenced by the global ionospheric circuit and atmospheric ionization. Thunderstorms generate significant potential differences leading to lightning, sprites, and jets, while ionization layers enable long-distance radio communication.

Electromagnetic alternating fields involve the interconnected electric and magnetic fields, especially at high frequencies in the far-field zone where they are phasely linked. In the near-field, the relationship is complex and less predictable, influenced by local conditions and spatial separation.

The fundamental physical concepts of electromotive force (EMF) encompass the definitions, units, and basic principles underlying the generation and measurement of EMF in various electrical circuits and systems, forming a basis for understanding electromagnetic phenomena.

The EMF-Portal | Technology section offers comprehensive information on electromagnetic fields, sources, and their effects. It covers static, low, intermediate, and radio frequency fields, including applications like mobile communications, MRI, and therapeutic uses, facilitating scientific research and risk assessment.

Electromagnetic fields span low to high frequencies, with electric and magnetic components considered separately at low frequencies and coupled at higher ones. In radiofrequency ranges, fields can transmit over long distances, used in broadcasting and wireless communication. SAR quantifies tissue energy absorption, mainly as heat.

The EMF-Portal explores electromagnetic fields across various frequency ranges, highlighting their perceptibility, biological effects, and interaction mechanisms. It covers static, low, intermediate, and radiofrequency fields, focusing on phenomena like nerve stimulation, heating, and interactions with implants.

The EMF-Portal's Technology section provides scientific information on electromagnetic fields, focusing on their biological effects, measurement methods, and safety standards. It aims to support research and informed decision-making regarding EMF exposure and technology applications.

Radiation and health concerns focus on exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) from devices like mobile phones and computers. While some individuals report symptoms attributed to EMF, scientific studies generally show no direct link between EMF exposure and health effects. Symptoms may stem from psychological or environmental factors.

The BfS (Federal Office for Radiation Protection) oversees European limit values and regulations related to radiation and electromagnetic fields, ensuring protection against high-frequency fields, low-frequency electric and magnetic fields, and other environmental radiation sources, aligning safety standards across Europe.

The ICNIRP guidelines are designed to provide protection to all people (including children) against all established health hazards. Compliance standards describe the methods used to determine that exposures from wireless network antennas or mobile devices are less than the recommended exposure limits. The international compliance standards for base stations and mobile phones are IEC62232 and IEC62209, respectively.

The purpose of this regulation is to protect people from harmful or annoying non-ionizing radiation.

Legal frameworks at national, European, and international levels regulate electrosmog through acts and ordinances. Key regulations include Switzerland's Environmental Protection Act and the Verordnung über den Schutz vor nichtionisierender Strahlung, ensuring safe electromagnetic exposure limits.

Electromagnetic fields are omnipresent in our environment, generated naturally by phenomena like thunderstorms and used by animals for navigation, as well as artificially through medical devices, electrical appliances, and wireless communications. They can impact health depending on their intensity and frequency.

IEEE Xplore, delivering full text access to the world's highest quality technical literature in engineering and technology.

PubMed is a comprehensive database of biomedical literature maintained by the US National Library of Medicine. It provides access to millions of citations, abstracts, and biomedical articles, supporting research and clinical practice worldwide. Recent updates include data releases and improved tools.

The Scientific Advisory Board for Wireless is an independent panel of experts advising the Austrian Ministry on health-related aspects of telecommunications, particularly mobile radio. It reviews current scientific research and disseminates knowledge on mobile telecommunications and health issues.

Electromagnetic fields from mobile communications in the context of the current 5G network rollout—Technical aspects and biological effects in the upper frequency range (FR2, above approximately 24 GHz).

The German Commission on Radiological Protection (SSK) advises the Federal Ministry for the Environment on radiological safety, emergency response, and medical radiation protection. It develops guidelines, risk assessments, and protection strategies for nuclear and radiation-related issues.

The German Commission on Radiological Protection (SSK) advises the Federal Ministry for the Environment on radiological safety, emergency response, and medical radiation protection. It develops guidelines, risk assessments, and protection strategies for nuclear and radiation-related issues.

As a further development of the previous 2G, 3G, and 4G mobile communication systems, Germany began rolling out fifth-generation (5G) mobile communications in 2019. The 5G mobile communication standard is regarded as a core technology for the digitalization of industry, automated and connected transportation systems, the Internet of Things, and many other technical developments. All mobile communication systems operate by emitting high-frequency electromagnetic fields.

BERENIS is a Swiss expert group established by FOEN to assess scientific research on electromagnetic fields and non-ionising radiation below 10 GHz. It reviews literature to evaluate potential health risks and advises on regulatory limits to protect public health.

BERENIS is a Swiss expert group established by FOEN to assess scientific research on electromagnetic fields and non-ionising radiation below 10 GHz. It reviews literature to evaluate potential health risks and advises on regulatory limits to protect public health.

BERENIS is a Swiss expert group established by FOEN to assess scientific research on electromagnetic fields and non-ionising radiation below 10 GHz. It reviews literature to evaluate potential health risks and advises on regulatory limits to protect public health.

Today, operating under the rules and oversight of the IEEE Standards Association Standards Board, the International Committee on Electromagnetic Safety (ICES) is responsible for development of standards for the safe use of electromagnetic energy in the range of 0 Hz to 300 GHz..

ICNIRP is an independent organization that develops science-based guidelines to limit non-ionizing electromagnetic exposure, including RF, UV, infrared, and ultrasound. It aims to protect public health by providing evidence-based advice on the safe use of electromagnetic fields across various technologies.

The BioEM homepage provides information about the organization, including upcoming conferences, awards, journal publications in bioelectromagnetics, and support programs for students and researchers. It aims to promote the exchange of ideas in electromagnetic fields in biology and medicine.

The EMF-Portal Glossar provides definitions of terms related to electromagnetic fields, their sources, effects, measurement techniques, and safety standards, supporting understanding of biological interactions, exposure guidelines, and technological applications in diverse environments.

Electromagnetic fields (EMF) of all frequencies are common environmental influences, with exposure increasing due to technological advances. WHO's EMF Project assesses potential health effects, promotes research, and develops international standards to manage EMF exposure and protect public health.

MedNIS is a Swiss network of medical specialists providing consultations on non-ionizing radiation and health. It facilitates referrals from healthcare providers to expert practitioners across Switzerland, supporting informed decisions regarding electromagnetic fields and related health effects.

The 'Spotlight on EMF Research' by BfS examines the health effects, sources, and protection measures related to electromagnetic fields, including high-frequency waves, mobile communications, and static fields. It reviews proven and discussed effects, regulatory limits, and ongoing research efforts.

Mobile communication uses high-frequency electromagnetic fields for wireless voice and data transmission. Technologies like GSM, UMTS, LTE, and 5G enable long-distance communication between devices and base stations, facilitating advances such as smart devices and autonomous vehicles while managing radiation exposure.

The BfS (Federal Office for Radiation Protection) homepage provides comprehensive information on radiation protection, environmental radioactivity, electromagnetic fields, UV and infrared radiation, ionising radiation, and emergency response. It includes research, regulations, measurements, and public health guidance.

The Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) promotes sustainable management of natural resources like soil, water, air, and forests. It protects against natural hazards, conserves biodiversity, and contributes to climate and international environmental policies through data, reports, and GIS platforms.

The Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH) is responsible for Switzerland's national healthcare policy, health and accident insurance, and international health promotion. It monitors environmental radioactivity and promotes public health measures to prevent respiratory infections.

The EMF-Portal is a comprehensive scientific database from RWTH Aachen University that systematically summarizes research data on electromagnetic field effects, covering exposure sources, health effects, and standards, with over 48,000 publications in English and German.

The Swiss Federal Electrosmog Ordinance (SR 814.710) aims to protect people from harmful non-ionizing radiation. The ESTI oversees compliance, evaluates plans, and verifies installations such as high-voltage lines and stations, ensuring safety and adherence to radiation protection regulations.

Enabling communication – strengthening diversity

The location of radio transmitters in Switzerland covers broadcasting and telecommunications infrastructure, including radio, TV, and mobile networks. Transmitter sites are mapped and detailed data, including frequencies and technical specifications, are available for analysis and planning purposes.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

Electromagnetic fields (EMF), UV, laser and light encompass non-ionising radiation with applications from natural sources like the sun to artificial sources such as lasers and LEDs. They include optical radiation and electromagnetic fields used in communication, medical imaging, and consumer products, with associated health considerations.

Fact Sheets NIR provide scientific information on appliances emitting non-ionising radiation such as UV devices, lasers, microwave ovens, and electromagnetic fields. They address health risks, safety guidelines, legal regulations, and exposure mitigation to ensure informed use and protection.

The emergence of new technologies such as 5G raises questions about the effects of exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic fields (HF-EMF). As the international public health authority, the World Health Organization (WHO) is responsible for monitoring international scientific research in this field, evaluating the available evidence, and formulating recommendations based on sound scientific data.

Electrosmog refers to non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation from sources like mobile networks. Monitoring since 2021 aims to assess exposure levels and health effects, with research focused on filling knowledge gaps. The Swiss government sets precautionary limit values to protect public health.

Monitoring of electrosmog exposure in Switzerland involves systematic measurements of non-ionizing radiation from sources like mobile networks, Wi-Fi, and power lines. It aims to assess and track the population's exposure levels in everyday environments.

The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses all electromagnetic phenomena, ordered by frequency and wavelength, ranging from radio waves and infrared to visible light and gamma rays. It includes both natural and artificial sources and is fundamental to understanding electromagnetic fields and radiation.

Electromagnetic fields are invisible areas of energy surrounding electrical devices and natural sources. They include static, low-frequency, and high-frequency fields, with applications ranging from communication to medical technology. Understanding their effects and safety standards is essential for health protection.